Anchors



Nov. 8, 1960 Filed Jan. 31, 1957 R. A. GALLOWAY ANCHORS 3 Sheets-Sheet 1INVENTOR. flq /mmaA'. fiallan'ay, By W; @Z

A TTORNEYS Nov. 8, 1960 R. A. GALLOWAY ANCHORS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 FiledJan. 31, 1957 INVENTOR. fiaymmd/I. (r'alla Way,

BY wfm ATTORNEYS 2,959,145 ANCHORS Raymond Alfred Galloway, Baltirnore,Md.,- assignor to Paul H. Griflith, Nan-berth, Pa. Filed Jan. 31, 1957,Ser. No. 637,572

3 Claims. (Cl. 114208) This invention relates to improvements inanchors. Reference is hereby made to my co-pending application SerialNo. 444,729, filed July 21, 1954, now Patent No. 2,798,447, of whichthis application is a continuationin-part.

It is an object of this invention to provide an anchor which quicklyassumes a holding position on the sea bottom. Another object is toprovide an anchor which has great holding power, and which has lateralstability so that a sidewise pull does not upset the anchor but insteadtends to rotate or pivot the anchor in a horizontal plane without itreleasing from the bottom. Another object is to provide an anchor thatholds fast at less scope (ratio of length of line to depth of water)than in conventional anchors. Another object is to provide an anchorthat is quickly and easily pulled out of the sea bottom. Another objectis to provide an anchor that pulls out of the sea bottom quickly, easilyand cleanly. It is another object of the invention to provide an anchorwhich automatically folds into a fiat compact shape when withdrawn fromthe sea bottom so that the pointed ends of the anchor lay in a verticalposition and are not pointed toward the side of the boat. This avoidsany digging action into the side of the boat which has been a problem inanchors heretofore made. Another object is to provide an anchor that isfolded into a flat compact shape and is stored in a small space with itspointed members positioned so that they cannot injure the occupant ofthe boat. It is another object to provide an anchor that is easilydisassembled and assembled and that provides for the easy replacement ofparts.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will further becomeapparent hereinafter and in the drawings in which:

Fig. 1 represents a view in elevation of an anchor constructed inaccordance with this invention as suspended from a line or rope;

Fig. 2 represents a side view of the anchor shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 represents the anchor of Fig. 1 in a disassembled condition andpartially in cross section in order to illustrate important details;

Fig. 4 represents a view of the anchor after it has been dropped to asea bottom and before it has taken hold;

Fig. 5 represents a view of the anchor showing its position when it ispulled by the line and before it has imbedded itself in the sea bottom;

Fig. 6 represents a view of the anchor showing it partially imbedded;and

Fig. 7 represents a view showing the anchor in its holding position.

Although specific terms are used in the following description forclarity, these terms are intended to refer only to the structure shownin the drawings and are not intended to define or limit the scope of theinvention.

Turning now to the specific embodiment of the invention selected forillustration in the drawings, the number 11 designates generally ananchor having an elongated States Patent 0 "ice base member 12, a flukemember 13 and a shank member 14; I

Base meinber'1'2 has formed in its upper end an upper slot 15 and in itslower end a lower slot 16. Weld'ed'to the lower end of base member 12are a pair of crown plates 17, 18 positioned one on each side of lowerslot 16.

Fluke member 13 includes a pair of pointed flukes 21, 22 which arejoined together at their lower ends by a lower cross bar 23. Positionedbetween the lower cross bar and the tips of flukes 21, 22 are a pair ofinwardlyfacing, transversely-positioned pins 24, 25.

Shank member 14 includes a pair of legs 26, 27 which are joined togetherat their upper ends and which extend downwardly and outwardly tostraddle base member 12. Located in the lower ends of legs 26, 27 are apair of apertures 31, 32 which receive pins 24, 25 respectively. In themiddle part of legs 26, 27 are formed apertures 33, 34 which receive theends of an upper cross bar 35. Cross bar 35 also fits into upper slot 15of base member 12. The upper ends of legs 26, 27 have formed thereinapertures 36, 37 which receive a bolt 38. Legs 26, 27 are joinedtogether by bolt 38, nut 41, washer 42 and shackle 43. Extending fromshackle 43 is a line or rope 44 the other end of which is fastened tothe boat.

Referring to Fig. 3, to assemble the anchor the lower cross bar 23 isplaced within lower slot 16 of base member 12, apertures 31, 32 receivepins 24, 25, upper cross bar 35 is placed within upper slot 15 of basemember 12 and the ends of upper cross bar 35 are received by apertures33, 34 of legs 26, 27, and bolt 38 is inserted into the holes of shackle43 and the apertures 36, 37 of legs 26, 27. Then the bolt assemblycomprising bolt 38, washer 42 and nut 41, is tightened down to join legs26, 27 together to form shank 14. The anchor is disassembled very easilyby reversing the procedure. This ease of assembly and disassembly is ofadvantage since it has been found that the flukes are the parts mosteasily damaged, and the arrangement of this anchor provides forreplacing the fiukes without discarding the entire anchor.

Referring to Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7, the anchor on being dropped to thebottom assumes the position in Fig. 4. Upon a pull being exerted on theline, the flukes are pointed downwardly toward the sea bottom in apositive manner, the base member acting as a driver (Fig. 5). As thepull continues, the flukes enter the bottom as is shown in Fig. 6 tofinally come to rest as shown in Fig. 7; thus quickly, easily andpositively entering into the sea bottom and holding fast.

It has been found that the anchor requires less scope (ratio of lengthof line to depth of water) than is required for conventional anchors.This is of particular advantage where the area available for anchorageis limited. Moreover, the anchor slips easily into holding position andholds firm at the bottom despite pivoting of the boat in a shift of windor tide. Up and down surges from a rough sea exert a force that, insteadof tending to pull the flukes out of the bottom, tends to push deeper.Additionally, the crown plates tend to control the depth of submergenceso as to insure the easy removal of the anchor from the sea bed. Theconstruction of the anchor is such that on pull out the initial jerkunfreezes the flukes from the sea bottom. Upon being pulled out of thebottom, the anchor folds up into a flat vertical position which preventsthe anchor from being trapped in a crevice of rocks on being hoisted tothe ship. An important advantage of this flat position of the anchor isthat on being hoisted from the sea bottom there is no danger of thepoints of the flukes digging into the side of the ship and damaging it,and no necessity for the person hoisting the anchor to lean far out ofthe boat to avoid such striking.

It is to be understood that the form of the invention herein shown anddescribed is to be taken as a preferred embodiment, and that variouschanges may be made in the shape, size and arrangement of parts.Further, equivalent elements may be substituted for those describedherein, parts may be reversed, and certain features of the invention maybe utilized independently of the use of other features, all withoutdeparting from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in thesubjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. An anchor comprising a base member, a fluke member having a pluralityof flukes, means detachably pivoting one end of said base member to saidfluke member, a shank disposed on opposite sides of said base member,means detachably pivoting the other end of said base member to saidshank, means pivoting said shank to said flukes, and means including aplate mounted on one end of said base member to form a crown forpointing the fiukes toward the sea bottom when the anchor is droppedonto said bottom.

2. An anchor comprising a base member, a fluke member having a pluralityof flukes positioned outwardly and laterally of said base member, ashank dis-posed on opposite sides of said base member, means detachablypivoting said shank to said base member providing rotational and limitedtranslational movement of said shank with respect to said base member,means detachably pivoting said fluke member to said base member, meansdetachably pivoting said shank to said flukes, and means including apair of plates mounted on one end of said base member to form a crownfor pointing the plates toward the sea bottom when the anchor is droppedonto said bottom.

3. An anchor comprising an elongated base member, a fluke member havinga plurality of flukes straddling one end of said base member, meansincluding a pair of plates mounted on one end of said base member andstraddling said fluke member to form crowns for pointing the fiukestoward the sea bottom when the anchor is dropped onto said bottom, pivotmeans detachably joining said fluke member to said base member, a shankhaving a bifurcated end defining two legs which straddle an opposite endof said base member, pivot means detachably joining said shank and saidbase member providing rotational and limited translational movement ofsaid shank with respect to said base member, and pivot joints detachablyconnecting each of said legs with said fiukes.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS957,621 Neal May 10, 1910 2,711,150 Ogg June 21, 1955 2,798,447 GallowayJuly 9, 1957

